Introduction to
Protein Synthesis
Please answer the following questions as you watch the
video: “What is DNA?” by Stated Clearly (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zwibgNGe4aY)
1. DNA stands for ______________________.
2. The shape of DNA is compared to ___________________.
3. What type of macromolecule or biological molecule is DNA?
4. Amino acids are monomers of which biological molecule?
5. Amino acids are linked together by _______________ bond
to form ________________ chain.
6. Is the polypeptide chain a functional protein?
POLYPEPTIDE CHAINS MUST BE FOLDED INTO A SPECIFIC
SHAPE IN ORDER FOR THE PROTEIN TO BE FUNCTIONAL.
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7. What is an example of a protein that must be folded into
a specific shape in order to bind its substrate? (Think back to biological
molecules – that information does NOT go away)
8. One function of DNA is obviously to store and transmit
genetic information. However, DNA has
another role. DNA not only codes for the
amino acid sequence, but DNA also tells amino acids to do what?
9. What are the 4 chemical structures of DNA?
10. Where is DNA located in the cell?
11. Where are amino
acids located in the cell?
12. If DNA cannot exit the nucleus, what must DNA do in
order to make protein?
13. How does mRNA differ from DNA?
14. How does mRNA exit the nucleus? And where does RNA go to make proteins?
15. What is the mRNA molecule used to make at the ribosomes?
16. In which
organelle can the polypeptide chain be folded into a functional protein? (NOTE:
The video shows that the polypeptide chain can fold into its shape as it leaves
the ribosome; however, there is another organelle responsible for folding of
polypeptide chain)
17. Explain how the ribosomes assemble the polypeptide
chain?
a. In which
organelle is DNA sequence used to make the mRNA sequence?
b. In which
organelle is mRNA sequence used to make the polypeptide chain?
c. In which
organelle can the polypeptide chain be folded?
